Pain • stiffness • loss of function
Ankle arthritis
Ankle arthritis is the breakdown of cartilage in the ankle joint. It is often post-traumatic and may cause pain, stiffness, swelling and difficulty walking.
What symptoms may suggest this condition?
- Pain when walking, especially on uneven ground or during prolonged activity.
- Stiffness, reduced motion and sometimes a catching sensation.
- Swelling and progressive deformity in some advanced cases.
How is the diagnosis confirmed?
Clinical examination assesses motion, alignment and adjacent joints. Weight-bearing X-rays are central. Depending on the case, CT or MRI may add useful information.
Is surgery always necessary?
Initial treatment may include activity modification, footwear or bracing, physiotherapy, appropriate pain/anti-inflammatory medication and sometimes injections. Surgery is considered when pain and limitation remain substantial despite adequate non-operative care.
When should surgery be discussed?
Depending on stage and alignment, options may range from arthroscopy or bony realignment to total ankle replacement or fusion. The choice between replacement and fusion depends on age, activity, deformity, bone quality, adjacent joints and the patient’s priorities.
Source patient : AOFAS / AAOS. General information, to be adapted to each clinical situation.
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